Know the "grinding machine"

A grinder (grinding machine) is a machine tool that uses a grinding tool to grind a workpiece surface. Most grinders use high-speed rotating wheels for grinding, and a few use whetstones, belts, and Other abrasives and loose abrasives, such as honing machines, superfinishing machines, belt grinding machines, grinding machines, and polishing. Machine and so on.

Grinding range

Grinding machines can process harder materials such as hardened steels, hard alloys, etc., and can also process brittle materials such as glass and granite. Grinding machines can perform grinding with high accuracy and little surface roughness, as well as high-efficiency grinding such as strong grinding.

Grinding process

In the 1830s, in order to adapt to the processing of hardened parts such as watches, bicycles, sewing machines, and firearms, the United Kingdom, Germany, and the United States developed grinding machines using natural abrasive grinding wheels, respectively. These grinders were retrofitted with grinding heads on existing machine tools such as lathes and planers. They were simple in structure, low in rigidity, and prone to vibration during grinding. They required operators to have high skills in order to sharpen the precision. The artifacts.

The Universal Cylindrical Grinding Machine manufactured by the American Brown Sharp Corporation exhibited at the Paris Expo in 1876 is the first machine with the basic characteristics of modern grinding machines. Its workpiece headstock and tailstock are mounted on a reciprocating table. The box-shaped bed improves the rigidity of the machine and has internal grinding attachments. In 1883, the company made a surface grinding machine with a grinding head mounted on a column and a reciprocating table.

Before and after 1900, the development of artificial abrasives and the application of hydraulic transmission had great influence on the development of grinding machines. With the development of modern industry, especially the automobile industry, various types of grinding machines have come out one after another. For example, at the beginning of the 20th century, there have been developed planetary planetary grinders, crankshaft grinders, camshaft grinders and piston ring grinders with electromagnetic chucks for machining cylinder blocks.

The automatic measuring device was applied to the grinding machine in 1908. Around 1920, centerless grinders, double-end grinders, roll grinders, guide rail grinders, honing machines and super-finishing machine tools were used in succession; in the 1950s, high-precision cylindrical grinding machines for mirror grinding appeared; At the end there were high-speed grinding machines with grinding wheel line speeds of 60-80 m/s and large-depth, slow-feed grinding grinding machines. In the 1970s, digital control and adaptive control using microprocessors were widely used on grinding machines. Applications.

Energy-saving Application of Frequency Converter on Grinding Machine

Standard machine tools use grinding machines and grinding wheel motors that run on conventional start-up circuits. After the motor is started, it runs at the rated speed. Since the grid voltage has a certain fluctuation of the grinding machine, the grinder grinding machine grinding load changes constantly, which will affect the speed error of the motor grinder. The standard grinding wheel motor starting circuit generally has only one kind of processing speed, which is difficult to adapt to different workpiece size grinding machines. Different grinding machines are required to process the relative linear velocity so that the precision of the machined workpiece grinding machine is difficult to guarantee. Therefore, considering the improvement of processing quality, processing efficiency, energy conservation, etc., the application of variable frequency speed control technology to grinding machines can achieve a satisfactory grinding effect.

Machining industry Grinding machine grinding machine products, a variety of workpiece size and size, require different machining accuracy. The relative grinding machine requires that the speed of the grinding wheel is different from that of the spindle grinding machine. It is difficult to adjust the speed of the spindle grinding machine to the workpiece grinding machine to adjust the linear speed to the ideal state. In addition, due to the bending of the grinding machine stress caused by the shaft type machining process, different grinding wheel feed grinder grinding torque will be generated, which will result in different grinding machine output speed/torque changes, corresponding to the grinding machine will produce vibration knife pattern / burn paste, etc. Accuracy of grinding is difficult to guarantee, resulting in low production efficiency and low quality.

With the development of power electronics and electronic grinders, frequency converter technology has become more and more popular, and grinder machining applications in the machining industry have received very good results. Among them, the infinitely variable speed, soft start, and constant torque output of the frequency converter grinding machine meet the requirements of constant speed/constant torque grinder for machining equipment.

Classification of grinding machines

With the increase in the number of high-precision, high-hardness mechanical parts, as well as the development of precision casting and precision forging processes, the performance, variety, and output of grinding machines are constantly increasing and increasing.

(1) Cylindrical Grinder: It is an ordinary type base type series and is mainly used for grinding cylindrical and conical outer surfaces of grinders.

(2) Internal cylindrical grinding machine: It is an ordinary type base type series and is mainly used for grinding cylindrical and conical inner surfaces of grinding machines. In addition, there are grinders with both internal and external cylindrical grinding.

(3) Coordinate grinding machine: Internal grinding machine with precision coordinate positioning device.

(4) Centerless grinder: The workpiece is clamped with no center, generally supported between the guide pulley and the bracket. The guide wheel drives the workpiece to rotate, mainly used for grinding cylindrical surface grinders. Such as bearing shaft support.

(5) Surface Grinding Machine: It is mainly used to grind the workpiece plane grinding machine.

a. The hand grinder is suitable for the processing of workpieces with small size and high precision, and can process various special-shaped workpieces including arc surfaces, planes, and grooves.

b. The large water mill is suitable for the processing of large workpieces, and the machining accuracy is not high, which is different from the hand grinder.

(6) Belt grinder: Grinding machine with fast moving belt.

(7) Honing machine: It is used to grind grinders on various surfaces of workpieces.

(8) Grinding machine: Grinding machine for grinding the inner and outer surfaces of the workpiece plane or cylinder.

(9) Guide rail grinding machine: It is mainly used for grinding machine tool guide rail surface grinding machine.

(10) Tool grinder: Grinding machine for grinding tools.

(11) Multi-purpose grinding machine: It is used to grind cylindrical, conical inner and outer surfaces or planes, and can grind a variety of workpiece grinding machines with follow-up devices and accessories.

(12) Special grinders: Special machines for grinding certain types of parts. According to its processing object can be divided into: spline shaft grinder, crankshaft grinder, cam grinder, gear grinder, thread grinder, curve grinder and so on.